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=**//__Ducks__//** =

The purpose of this wiki page is to discuss the comparisons and differences between Ducks and Humans... Enjoy!

//__** Digestive System **__// The duck lacks teeth, and the bottum of its mouth is not firm, so it can flex out somewhat, to allow the duck to take in and sift through water to obtain food particles. Food is moved into the esophagus, which in most birds including the duck, leads into a specialized expansion of the esophagus, known as the Crop, which aids in the temporary storage of food. From the esophagus, the food eneters into a thin-walled structure of the of the glandular section of the stomach called the Proventriculus. The Proventriculus connects to the Ventriculus, which is known as the Gizzard. The Gizzard leads into the small intestine. The small intestine leads into the large intestine, which leads into the rectum, then the colon. The colon empties into the cloaca, where waste products are excreted. The gallbladder is located within the lobes of the liver.
 * Ducks: **

The first part of the digestive system, where food enters the body, is the mouth. Chewing and salivary enzymes in the mouth are the beginning of the digestive process. Salivary Glands, located in the mouth, produce saliva. Saliva contains enzymes that break down carbohydrates into smaller molecules. The esophagus the long tube between the mouth and the stomach. It uses rhythmic movements to force food from the throat to the stomach. The stomach is a sack-like, muscular organ that is attached to the esophagus. Both chemical mechanical digestion takes place in the stomach. When food enters the stomach, it is churned in a bath of acids and enzymes. After being in the stomach, food enters the small intestine. In the small intestine, pancreatic enzymes, and other digestive enzymes produced by inner wall of the small intestine help in the breakdown of food. The liver is a large organ located above and in front of the stomach. It filters toxins from the blood, and makes bile (which breaks down fat) and some blood proteins. The gall bladder is a small, sack-like organ, located by the small intestine. It stores and releases bile from the small intestine. Pancreas is an enzyme-producing gland located below the stomach and above the intestines. Enzymes from the pancreas help in the digestion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the small intestine. After passing through the small intestine, food enters the large intestine. In the large intestines, some of the water and electrolytes are removed from the food. Many microbes help in the digestion process.
 * Humans: **

//__** Respiratory System **__//

**Ducks** : The respiratory is structurally complex, composed of components which perform different functions in the respiration. The lungs, where gas exchanged with the blood occurs, are thought to be relatively constant-volume blocks of tissue composed of interconnecting passageways through which air is pumped. []


 * Humans **:
 * air enters the nostrils
 * passes through the nasopharnyx
 * the oral pharnyx
 * through the glottis
 * into the trachea
 * into the right and left bronchi, which branches and rebranches into
 * bronchioles, each of which terminates in a cluster of
 * alveoli

__//**Circulatory System **//__ Birds have very efficient cardiovascular systems that permit them to meet the metabolic demands of flight. the cardiovascular systemnot only delivers oxygen to the body cells but also plays a role in maintaining a bird's body temperature. The avian circulatory system consists of a heart plus vessels that transport:
 * Ducks: **
 * ==** nutrients **==
 * ==** oxygen and carbon dioxide **==
 * ==** waste products **==
 * ==** hormones **==
 * ==** heat **==
 * ==[]==

humans:
==The human circulatory system distributes blood carrying oxygen and nutrients throughout the body while also removing wastes and byproucts. Circulation relies on the lungs, heart, arteries and viens. The circulatory system interacts with the lymphatic system to deliver nutrients to cells and carry away pathogens and toxins. ==

=Nervous system = =humans: =

==First, the visual information of your eyes is sent to your brain by nervous cells. There the information is interpreted and translated into a signal to take action. Finally the brain sends a command to your voice or to another action system like muscles or glands. For example, you may start walking towards him. ==

<span style="color: #ff9f00; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Your nervous system enables this rapid recognition and action.
=<span style="color: #19ff00; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">ducks: = ==

==<span style="color: #3a26ba; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Isoproterenol increased heart rate before, during, and after the dive, although the proportional increase in heart rate was not as high during the dive as compared with the increase in routine heart rate or heart rate during the predive or postdive phase. The parasympathetic system predominates in the control of heart rate during diving despite the maintenance of efferent sympathetic influences to the heart, perhaps due to accentuated antagonism between the two branches of the autonomic nervous system. ==

= Locomotion = = humans: =

= = == We can stand, sit, and move because of the musculoskeletal system 206 bones, 600 muscles, and more than 1200 joints. Muscle movement requires the cooperation of both the nervous system and the musculoskeletal system. Movement occurs when groups of muscle cells contract. Electrochemical impulses from the nervous system stimulate fibers called sarcomeres, causing them to shorten. Contraction continues until the impulses cease and the muscle once again relaxes. As muscles contract, the bones to which they are attached move. Joints lubricating structures between bones make movement smoother. ==

ducks:


== According to the National History Museum: "Birds with webbed feet can paddle through the water and walk on mud. As a duck pushes its feet back, the web spreads out to provide more surface to thrust the water. Then, as the duck draws its foot forward and brings the toes together, the web folds up so there is less resistance to the water". This resistance is in the form of friction, and is an important force in hydrodynamics and locomotion .==

= Excertory system = = human: =

Parts of the Excretory system

 * == The kidneys- they contain filters that take the waste out of the blood ==
 * == The nephrons- remove the waste material form blood and make urine ==
 * ==The uretiers- tubes that carry the urine to the bladder==
 * == The bladder- a "bag" that collects the urine ==
 * == The urethra- a tube that carries the urine out of the body ==

==The kidneys, the bladder, and their tubes all work together to form the urinary system. Waste that's left over from breaking down food and your body's other activities naturally builds up in your blood. Your blood passes through your kidneys and when this happens, your kidneys act like a filter to clean the waste from your blood. Then they mix the waste with a little water to create urine. The urine goes to your bladder, which you empty when you urinate.== = = = ducks: = = = = =

= Mating Behavior = ==Female ducks are just as interested as the next species in selecting a particularly outstanding partner for fathering their offspring. However, when a female makes her choice and ducks pair up, one or several males get left out of the mating opportunity. Since male ducks don’t share in the raising of their young, their programming doesn’t include protecting the mother of their children -- they only stick around until the eggs are laid. Their real interest is in copulating with as many females as they can get their feathers on. Competition in the insemination war is ferocious and if you’re not partnered up, any female is fair game.== ==This differs from the humans so much because humans dont try to make as much kids as the ducks try to. But there kind of similar because some man are like that, they'll leave the women behind to take care of the kids why they find another women of make more kids so ducks nd humans are kind alike.==
 * Paired kidneys filter nitrogen wastes (uric acid) from blood
 * No urinary bladder to store liquid wastes
 * Uric acid travels down ureters to cloaca where intestinal wastes & reproductive products added
 * Uric acid secreted in white, semi solid mass